Chinese-toona

Posted by :Agricultural Science On : March 14, 2012

Title	Research on the Variation of Nitrite Content of Toona Sinensis and the Technology to Reduce Nitrite Content
Abstract	Toona sinensis belongs to Meliaceae, Toona Roem. Its Latin name is Toona sinensis (A.Juss.) Roem. It is a plant species that grows particularly in China. Toona shoots contain numerous nutrients. According to the research of China Medical & Science Academy, every 100 g of toona contains 9.8 g of protein, which is the highest protein content among vegetables. Toona also bears significant value as food and medicine. Toona wood is a kind of precious limber。Recent research revealed that there is a significant amount of nitrite in toona. Nitrite is a chemical that can cause damage to human health. The intake of too much nitrite may cause dyspnea, circulatory failure and central lesion. It may be fatal in extreme cases.In the study, we chose red toona leaves obtained from Jinan toona base and market as the research object. The research is aimed at studying the distribution of nitrite in toona and developing efficient technology to decrease the nitrite content in toona so as to provide technique guidance and theological evidence for the manufacture of low nitrite toona products. It also offers scientific basis for the cultivation of toona plants to achieve the objective of improving the quality of toona products and guaranteeing customer health.By comparing the nitrite contents of toona leaves with different lengths, we discovered that 54.5% of the toona plants studied have long toona leaves with lower nitrite content compared with shorter leaves. Regarding the nitrite contents in toona leaves positioned at the top and the middle of the tree, there are differences among individuals.The toona samples are treated by methods of soaking in oxidizer or reductase solutions and hot water. Different solution concentrations and soaking durations have been set. The variation of nitrite content was determined by measuring the nitrite content before and after the toona samples were treated. The vitamin C content was measured simultaneously to determine the nutrient losses caused by the soaking treatment. The oxidizer or reductase solutions and hot water soaking treatments were conducted separately to determine the optimal concentrations and durations. The two methods were further combined using the concentrations and durations chosen and measurements of nitrite and vitamin C were conducted to determine the variations of nitrite and vitamin C contents. The result reveals that for the treatments only using oxygen or reductase, the solution chosen with optimal nitrite reducing effects are 13% sodium carbonate solution,2% glucose solution,0.5% Vitamin C solution and 0.03mol/L hydrogen peroxide. For the hot water treatments, the optimal time lengths are 5s and 30s when taking into consideration both the nitrite reduction and Vitamin C losses. For the treatments using combined methods, soaking in 2% sodium carbonate solutions for 5s and in 13% glucose solution for 5s have the optimal nitrite reducing effects.The toona samples which have been treated to decrease nitrite content were frozen and pickled separately. The measurement of nitrite content was conducted every 30 days to observe the fluctuation of nitrite content. The measurement of vitamin C content was conducted every 60 days to observe the fluctuation of nutrients. The results reveal that the nitrite and vitamin C content in frozen toona maintained at a relatively low level during the storage with slight fluctuation The nitrite and vitamin C content in pickled toona have seen a sharp decrease.The measurement of essential oil content in toona samples which have been treated to decrease nitrite content was conducted using GC analysis technology. The results reveal that the decrease of nitrite content in toona was followed by the decrease of essential oil content. The treated toona samples which have low nitrite content bear low essential oil content.The technology combined to decrease nitrite content efficiently decreases the nitrite content in toona samples. It provides technology support and theological evidence for the research and manufacturing of toona products with low nitrite content.
Category	Gardening
Subject	Essential Oil, nitrite decrease, toona leave, Vitamin C,
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Pages	114
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Chinese-toona: toona sinensis seed Chinese mahogany | ZHONG ...

Toona sinensis, Cedrella sinensis, or chinese red cedar, originated in china, has been used as vegie/spice since the ancient times in China. The tender leaves and new shoots are the edible parts of the plant.
 
This tree produces top quality timer. It does not attact pests. In fact, pests try to stay away from it.
it has a very unique kind of flavour.

Chinese-toona

DR. CALI KHALIIF GALEYR: “Cidda oraneysa afraad baa ku shireysa Taleex waa ka been sheegeysaa xaqiiqda, waagaa baryayna nin gacan weyn iyo nin gacan yar toona ma qarin karo”

Axad, January 15, 2012(Idhanka): Ra’iisal Wasaarihii hore ee Soomaaliya Dr. Cali Khaliif Galeyr oo  Degmada Taleex ee gobolka Sool uga qeybgelaya  Shirka Khaatumo II ayaa wareysi uu siiyay Laanta Afka Soomaaliga ee VOA-da (Halkaan ka dhageyso)  waxaa uu uga hadlay arrimo dhowr ah oo ku saabsan shirkaas Taleex iyo sida uu u arkayo fal-celin uu shirkaas ka keenay Madaxweynaha Somaliland Axmed Maxamed Maxamuud Siilaanyo oo sheegay in ay shirkaas ka qeybgaleen afraad fidno-wadayaal ah.

Dr. Cali Khaliif Galeyr ayaa nasiib darro ku tilmaamay in sida uu u yiri Axmed Siilaanyo uu sheegay in ay Taleex ku shireen afraad ama shakhsiyaad, wuxuuna caddeeyay in ay shirkaas qabsadeen dadka u dhashay Sool, Sanaag iyo Cayn “Waxaa nasiib darro ah in Maxamed Maxamuud Siilaanyo oo diidanaa xukunka xukuumaddii hore oo lahaa xuquuqda dadkeyga ayaa lagu xad-gudbayaa in uu maanta yiraahdo waan diidanahay dadka Sool, Sanaag iyo Cayn in ay aayahooda ka tashadaan”ayuu yiri Dr. Cali Khaliif Galeyr oo caddeeyay in ay si weyn u raddinayaan hadalka uu sheegay Madaxweynaha Somaliland Axmed Siilaanyo.

Waxaa la weydiiyay hadalkiisa in uu u dhacayo in Beesha degta Sool oo shirkii gooni-isu-taagga Somaliland ka qeybgashay ay haatan gebi ahaanba ka baxday heshiiskii lagu dhisay Somaliland, wuxuuna sheegay in uu isago Cali Khaliif ahaan ka qeybgalay labo shir oo arrimhaas looga hadlayay, “Shirarkii 1991 (Burco) iyo 1993-kii (Boorama) labadaba waan ka qeybgalay aniga Cali ahaan, markii hore ee 1991-kii caqli badan in uu meesha yaallo nooma muuqan, waxaa noo muuqatay in hub badan oo Qaranka hubkiisii ahaa in uu gacanta u galay SNM, markaa waxaa noo muuqatay in iyadoo la siman yahay oo cidina aysan cid qasbaneynin wax la xalilo, waxaanu dan moodnay in loo talo badsado, arrin soo jireen ah ma ahayn, arrin ugub ah ayay ahayd, waddanka ayaa la kala goynayaa markaas kuma qanacsaneyn, 20-kii sano kuma qanacsaneyn, maantana kuma qanacsanin”ayuu yiri Dr. Cali Khaliif Galeyr oo sheegay in dadka Sool, Sanaag iyo Cayn u dhashay aysan ogoleyn in dalka Soomaaliya la kala gooyo.

Waxaa uu xusay Dr. Cali Khaliif Galeyr in shirka Khaatumo II looga hadlayay arrimaha dadka u dhashay Gobollada Sool, Sanaag iyo Cayn, isla markaana ugu dambeynta laga soo saari doono maamul madax bannaan oo ay dadka gobolladaas yeeshaan”Arrimaha maamulkaas ku dhawaaqiddiisa gacanta ayaa lagu hayaa, dhaqsina waa loogu dhawaaqi doonaa, cid ka hor-imaan karta oo waagaa baryay iyo qorraxdaa soo baxday gacanta ku celinta kartana ma jirto”ayuu yiri Dr. Cali Khaliif.

Deegaannada uu maamulka lagu dhisayo Taleex ka talin doono haddii lagu dhawaaqo ayaa la weydiiyay Dr. Cali Khaliif Galeyr, wuxuuna sheegay in dhulka uu ka talin doono ay yihiin Sool, Sanaag iyo Cayn, “ Dhulka ay dadkan leeyihiin waa la yaqaan, meelaha la wada degan yahayna waa la yaqaan, u maleyn maayo Siilaanyo in uu Laascaanood ku murmayo ama dhulka SSC ee aan taariikhiyan leenahay, haddii uu taas ka murmana dee isagaa cirka roob ku og” ayuu yiri Dr. Cali Khaliif.

Deegaannadaas oo ay hadda gacanta ku hayaan Ciidamada Somaliland sida ay qorsheynayaan in ay ku soo ceshadaan ayaa la sii weydiiyay Dr. Galeyr, wuxuuna ku jawaabay “Annaga waxaan u dhabar adeegeynaa in si nabadgelyo ah arrimahaas ku dhammaadaan ku dhamaadaan, ciidamada Somaliland ee halkaas joogana ay meesha ka baxaan, iyadoo aanan la is-qasbeynin, iyadoo aan ognahay in ay jiraan waxyaabo badan oo aan wada leenahay taariikhiyan, haddana aan diyaar u nahay in wixii aan wada leenahay wada hadal lagu galo”.

Waxaa la weydiiyay Dr. Galeyr sida ay u arkayaan dadka ka soo jeeda gobollada Sool, Sanaag iyo Cayn ee ka tirsan maamullada Somaliland iyo Puntland, wuxuuna sheegay in dadkaas ay u arkayaan sida uu maamulka Somaliland u arkayo dadka Hargeysa u dhashay ee ka tirsan Dowladda Soomaaliya ee fadhigeedu yahay.

“Cidda oraneysa afraad baan ku shireysa Taleex waa ka been sheegeysaa xaqiiqda, waayo halkan (Taleex) waxaa isugu yimid dhammaan dadka u dhashay dhulkan oo Isimadii, Cuqaashii, Culumaa’udiinkii, Siyaasiyiintii, Ganacsatadii, Haweenkii iyo cid walba ah, cidda caga jugleyneysana u suurtagelimeyso waxa ay dooneyso”ayuu Dr. Cali Khaliif Galeyr.

“Maamullada Somaliland iyo Puntland waa ay diidan yihiin maamulka laga filayo Shirka Khaatumo II, markaas waa tee cidda aad isku halleyneysaan ayay ahayd su’aal kale oo la weydiiyay Dr. Cali Khaliif Galeyr, “taageerada aan heysanno waa tan dadkeena, 100%  dadku meel ayay uga soo wada jeedaan, awooddeena baana ku tashaneynaa”ayuu yiri Dr. Galeyr.

Haddii colaad uu horseedo shirkan Taleex oo deegaanno nabad ah ay colaad ka dhacdo cidda mas’uuliyaddaas qaadeysa ayaa la weydiiyay Dr. Galeyr, wuxuuna sheegay in aysan jirin nabad taalla Sool, Sanaag iyo Cayn, “Ma Laascaanood baa nabadi taallaa, bandow baa ka jira, 5ta galabnimo ayaa la xiraa, Ardaydii baa la leynayaa, ma ogolin dhaqan-xumada lagu hayo Laascaanood, ma ogolin wixii ka dhacay Kalshaale iyo Hoodaale”ayuu hadalkiisa ku sii daray Dr. Cali Khaliif Galeyr oo sheegay in aysan weerar ku ahayn Burco, Berbera iyo Hargeysa.

Su’aal kale oo la weydiiyay Dr. Galeyr ayaa ahayd cidda ay Isbaheysi la sameysan doonaan haddii ay Somaliland iyo Puntland ay dhismaha maamulkooda diidan yihiin, “Shirweynaha Soomaaliyeed ayaan xiriir la sameysaneynaa, welina kama quusan shacbiga Somaliland iyo Puntland oo dano ayaan wada leenahay, maamulladana waan aragnaa. Maamulka Somaliland waxa uu diidan yahay oo aan u cuntameynin waxaa weeye annagu waxaan rabnaa midnimada Soomaaliyeed, haddii uu maamulka Somaliland leeyahay Annaga Soomaaliya kama mid noqoneyno  iyaga ayay u taallaa, waxaanse aragnay in Umadda dhulkan ku nool iyo Umadda Soomaaliyeedba guud ahaan in ay danta ku jirto in aan dalkan la kala gooyn, balse laga tashado sidii la isugu soo noqon lahaa iyo sidii wax loo qeybsan lahaa habkii ay doontaba ha noqotee”.

Source-Hol

Chinese-toona: Toona sinensis aka Chinese Toon or 香椿 xiang ...

I’m excited to introduce Chinese Toon. Before this post, I only knew this vegetable/herb by its Chinese name. I have never seen it sold or grown in the U.S. as pictured; only in its dried form and even that is rare. In fact, I didn’t even know what this looked like until a family friend gave us a batch from her garden. It was an exciting day.

Imagine growing up eating and loving cilantro, but not knowing its name or what it looked like. That’s how I feel about xiang chun.  It has a strong distinct flavor with a similar strength as garlic. It can be a great complement to a dish or overwhelming if you don’t like the taste (similar to onion or chives). I can eat it with everything!

It is predominately used in Asian cuisine, mainly Chinese. I have had it with tofu, eggs, stir-fries, noodles, rice and savory Chinese pancakes. All delicious!

To Prepare:

Step 1: fold the leaves in half and tear them off the branch from the stem (this will leave the root behind)

Step 2: after washing, mince leaves

Step 3: transfer to container, sprinkle salt to bring out juices, mix and seal (the true flavor of xiang chun will not come out till this step)

You can then save this for future use in tofu, stir-fries, noodles, fried rice or pancakes.

Next time you come across Toona sinensis aka Chinese Toon or 香椿 xiang chun, you’ll know how to use it or at least have a new dish to try at your favorite Chinese restaurant. Be sure to ask for it in its Chinese name, xiang chun. Here’s the wiki page to learn more.

Enjoy!

xiang chun with dried tofu (not dry in taste, rather tofu with much less moisture)

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Tagged: chinese, herb, tofu, toon, vegetable, xiang chun

Chinese-toona: Chinese-toona - blog*spot

DAY 01: NAIROBI River NAKURU
After disembarking out of your morning hours airline flight, you will end up met and viewed by a support services representative at Jomo Kenyatta Air Port (JKIA). Your ie takes place by route likely N . Western world for 160kms out from the busy Location Under The Sun (Nairobi), to Water Nakuru Country wide Park. Perfectly found on the Rift Pit 1750 feets above seashore levels, Water Nakuru is referred to as an ornithological paradise by birdwatchers since the river is world renowned as the location of the finest fowl spectacle on the planet which presents any place in between one particular as well as mil smaller and higher pink flamingos that feast upon the ample plankton blooming inside waters hot waters. It is just about the couple of park systems that were specifically well-known (Gazetted) with the safety of wild birds specifically flamingoes, over 450 type of wild birds are registered in this article. The park has additionally been well-known with the safety of in danger type such as rhino as well as being the location of Columbus apes, Leopards, Giraffes, and a number of simply antelope.
Lunch will be dished up at River NAKURU Settle, which, is found inside to the south green niche market from the park. The settle with its friendly and competent employees are an oasis of ease and comfort that delivers first class support services and offers instructing vistas of smaller flamingoes speckled while using higher flamingoes. It mixes in properly very well with its organic area and animals loans typically patrol peacefully near the settle causing its interesting secret. For a few S&S Relaxation, the ample logged and welcoming Mamma Nikkis bar, the cool your Rhino Paddock tail bar disregarding the stream and also the appealing blue pool may be enormously welcoming.

An evening video game commute within the lakeshore is definitely the primary element with the evening, supper & overnight at River NAKURU Settle (BLD).

DAY 02: River NAKURU MASAI MARA
Today that has a decrease in the Terrific Rift Pit, our ie requires us to everyone well known Masai Mara video game save coming in time for supper for your settle. As the gem of Kenyas park systems, the Masai Mara Activity (Animals) Pre-book is Kenyas number one park and it is always on each and every visitors Have to see checklist. Filled with living with various types of animals, its going grasslands and acacia savannah have continuously been grabbed on motion picture while using movie From The african continent getting the most famous. Masai Mara is home to the Big All 5 (Elephant, Buffalo grass, Lion, Leopard and Rhino) and over 450 fowl type. In addition to the significant all 5, the Masai Mara is most famous for the magnificent annual migration of over one million wildebeest, zebra, gazelle and so on through the Serengeti in upper Tanzania bridging the Mara Riv into Kenya on the lookout for refreshing eating good reason, which will take set up overdue August or Aug. With this bridging, hundreds of animals are grabbed payday loans away because of the primary relocating Mara Riv while others are slain because of the intense African-american Crocodiles. This bridging supplies accurate this means for the expression Your survival from the fittest.

Your property for one more two nights will be at among the exceptional MARA SOPA Settle. Sopa means welcome inside Masai language and true to its brand, the settle and workers supply first class support services and accommodations within appealing setting. Placed in the Oloolaimutia vly the settle mixes in properly very well with its encircling hillside landscape designs. The 77 bedrooms, 12 packages, and 1 Presidential Collection are common equipped with durante-room bathrooms, minuscule night clubs and elevated verandahs (decks) in which attendees can solar shower, loosen up and savor viewing vly and homeowner creatures and wild birds. The settle has one on one-switch cellphone solutions, satellite television for pc and online video media solutions. R.S bear in mind your floating around fancy dress for a mid-day or night time frolic near the water within the movie star filled up African-american heavens

After lunchtime and some time for rest, or tanning on the beach and going on a dive in the pool, your car ownerPertutorial requires you to have an evening video game commute on the lookout for the timid and challenging leopard, the solo and in poor health-tempered Rhino, elephants, buffalos, and there are more. As the solar sets out to side its way swim payday loan into your African-american skyline it will be an ideal chance to capture the beautiful Mara landscape designs on motion picture or camera. Dining & overnight at, MARA SOPA Settle (BLD).

DAY 03: MASAI MARA
An morning hours video game commute ahead of start is an ideal oncoming of yet another remarkable and unique working day in The african continent. Among the morning hours and evening video game pushes you possibly can sunbathe alongside a pool, require a refreshing swim inside pool, read through an ebook or fresh or simply just unwind, loosen up and like the atmosphere for your settle and also the organic flora & fauna encircling it. All dinners and overnight at, MARA SOPA Settle (BLD).

DAY 04: MASAI MARA NAIROBI
After breakfast every day, we commute returning to Nairobi coming in time for supper at TOONA Shrub Cafe where one can get pleasure from some good Chinese foodstuff. Later at dusk, a complimentary supper will be located by our organization within the world renowned CARNIVORE Cafe thought to be Africas finest taking in practical experience (if you love bar-b-q it doesn’t advance than this), and residential for the Simba Saloon among the metropolitan areas preferred nightclubs. Later you will end up transferred to NAIROBI Firefox Membership a common all-room resort inside city where one can take pleasure in the numerous night clubs, pool area, slimmer, exercising gym as well as do your last second browsing inside gift idea go shopping in the foyer (BLD).

DAY 05: NAIROBI – FLY
After breakfast every day you will end up transferred to edinburgh airport in your timetabled Overseas departure airline flight.

source:

Posted by ALN in Uncategorized

eyeSage: new tables

The two right tables are made from Japanese cedar ( hanoki), while the left pictured is China Mohogany ( toona sinensis)whose timber was harvested in our village quite a while back.

Eat Moar Toona! « Road Flares

More pictures of last weekend’s work on the Volvo Amazon. The new engine is IN. And, she RUNS! For all the naysayers that said, “Nay, there is no way you can build an engine for less than $500!” I say to them, “Look in our engine bay, oh sayer of Nay!”

On Saturday, Gary came over and between the two of us, we wrangled the lump into position and screwed it down. Saturday, Anthony and McCall joined in the fun, and the four of us poring over the engine were soon able to breathe life into the beast. She runs. Very, very well. After clearing the air pockets out of the cooling system and installing the new $16 Sun water temp gauge, the B20 fired up, took up a nice, sweet idle at around 1500 RPM, and came right up to 180 degrees and stayed there. After everybody left for the day, I let the engine ‘break in’ around 1500-2000 RPM for about 20 minutes, or as long as she would run on the oil bottle full of gasoline I had feeding the fuel pump. So far, so good. No strange noises, no drama, even the dwell was still spot-on despite the distributor having been removed from the old engine and reinstalled on this one without being touched. Rob’s points held up well.

I just want you to know, I have NEVER heard a B20 run as smoothly as this one does. And, when I blipped the throttle, it responded instantly. Knock on wood, this seems like one healthy motor! I turned the idle speed screws down as far as they would go, and even with almost no fuel the engine still was turning at 1000 RPM, and smooth as silk.

In other news, we have one small issue- the safety cut-off switch for the electrical system bit the dust somehow, and needs to be replaced. I never liked that switch, and thought it cheap. I guess we’ll have to find another. The rear brakes are 99% done, just need to tighten the castle nuts and cotter-pin them. Anthony is about 95% done with the new fuel cell mounting, and it looks great- secure and very professional. That pretty much just leaves the front brakes, and whatever welding/ hole-filling I have to do on the inside. We made a lot of progress this weekend.

http://www.roadflares.org/gallery/main.php?g2_itemId=898

As always, pictures are in reverse chonological order.

This entry was posted on Monday, August 31st, 2009 at 10:29 am and is filed under Automobilia, Pitt. You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. You can leave a response, or trackback from your own site.

GARCIA SOUP: toona

Faster Faster!! Today is a new day and I'm looking forward to whats to come this week. We have a lot of racing to go, and we are in a good spot to be aggressive. Todays stage is a new course, it's 50 miles and has a lot of climbing, so it should be good for the team.

(Pic above) is my roommate SN With his new haircut.

GARCIA SOUP: Toona

It's a bummer about the tour. It's never good when you're involved in a sport, where doping, cheating is such a problem. Its depressing and sometimes you feel like there is no hope. I don't really feel that way. Dan put it this way... he said it's good that these dudes are getting busted, cuz there are jobs that are going to be opening up for the guys who are clean and want to make a good impression on the sport. that is dead on. Even though all this negative stuff is going on ultimately it's good for the future of our sport, getting rid of cancer.

Stage 3 97 miles-
We are beginning to ride really well as a team. I ended up in a small break over the climb only to get caught on the decent by 20 guys. it's nice when you look back and you see 6 of your teammates in the final selection. More guys caught on the decent, with 55 guys racing to the line for the finish. We rode aggressive at the end, I attacked, David attacked. Scott and Ian rode great covering early moves in the aggressive first Hour of the race and still making it in the front group, and Moninger riding well as always. Mike, Dan and ken kept us out of the wind and rode well all day. We wanted to set up David for the win, Menzies took it, (after cutting the course). I think David got 5th. I'm happy with how the team is coming together. I think success is on the Horizon.

Male specialist balanitis diet should pay attention to whatAsk a ...

Posted on March 29, 2012 by admin

            balanitis foreskin interior board and refers to inflammation of the glans penis.Normal preputial cavity endocrine, a lipid material, the prepuce or phimosis, such substances can accumulate into smegma foreskin and glans penis head stimulation caused balanitis.
Balanitis can lead to sexual dysfunction, infertility male friends and other diseases, so the glans inflammation should be treated in time, but at the same time of treatment can also take some diet, here to introduce some balanitis diet therapy.
In 1, snake gourd 1, rice 50g, amount of sugar.Boil the porridge to medium, into the gourd to porridge cooked with sugar, to a loofah, porridge, can be heat-clearing and detoxifying, cooling blood and eliminating carbuncles.
In 2, 50g 100g total of mung bean, rice, porridge eating, Qingrejiedu, eliminate edema.3: tender melon, melon drink about 1 500g, wash with green sliced, suitable amount of water, a little salt, spices, cooked food, have the effect of clearing heat and removing dampness.
4 50g 500g, red bean, rice, porridge eating, can detoxification, and water swelling.In 5, Trotter 4 abluent, add onion 50g, salt amount into the pot, Chinese fire stew to ripe sodden, division meat soup, have alexipharmic detumescence effect.
In 6, fresh Toona sinensis leaves 250g, washed, chopped, adjustable batter and salt a few 500g, vegetable oil, heat, put the paste in oil, fried yellow fish, fresh.Capable of clearing heat and removing dampness, detumescence by detoxification.
The above is the glans phlogistic diet therapy related to introduce, balanitis patients in addition to edible food above, on a daily basis to fasting spicy food stimulation with.              if you want to know more information please visit the www.
nanke91.com, click on the Advisory, and expert doctor online exchanges, can also pass the Beijing Dong Fang Bo Da Hospital expert hotline: 010-87878699; QQ: 800013389 male doctor or hospital address: Beijing city Chaoyang District Warwick Road Xi Li No.

This entry was posted in Uncategorized.

Hot: Novel natural products from the stem bark of Toona ciliata var ...

18 Oct 2011

By Marie Cote, Deputy Editor.

In a quest for bioactive metabolites from Chinese medicinal plants, Yue-Wei Guo et al. have isolated and characterised a number of novel and exciting natural products from Toona ciliata var. Pubescens, a tall timber tree which can be found widely in south China.

The Toona species have previously led to the isolation of limonoids and protolimonoids. These complex molecules, bearing an elaborate polycyclic skeleton, represent challenging targets for total synthesis and are particularly attractive due to their range of biological activities.

In this paper, the team of collaborative researchers from China and Hungary have isolated nine new limonoids, three of them possessing unprecedented carbon skeletons, along with 5 known analogs. Using advanced NMR techniques, a solid-state TDDFT ECD approach and X-ray analysis, a complete evaluation of their relative and absolute configuration was determined. Biological activities were found for Toonapubesin G (7), showing promising inhibitory activity against the aggressive tumor cell line CDC25B and compound 8a showed significant cell protecting activity against H2O2-induced SH-SY5Y cell damage.

This article will be FREE to access for the next 4 weeks:

Protolimonoids and norlimonoids from the stem bark of Toona ciliata var. pubescens
Jian-Rong Wang, Hai-Li Liu, Tibor Kurtán, Attila Mándi, Sándor Antus, Jia Li, Hai-Yan Zhang and Yue-Wei Guo
Org. Biomol. Chem., 2011, Advance Article
DOI: 10.1039/C1OB06150J, Paper

• Interested in Natural Products? Why not also take a look at our sister journal Natural Product Reports and keep up-to-date with high impact, critical reviews in natural products research.

toona sinensis seed Chinese mahogany | ZHONG WEI Horticultural ...

Toona sinensis, Cedrella sinensis, or chinese red cedar, originated in china, has been used as vegie/spice since the ancient times in China. The tender leaves and new shoots are the edible parts of the plant.
 
This tree produces top quality timer. It does not attact pests. In fact, pests try to stay away from it.
it has a very unique kind of flavour.

Toona sinensis aka Chinese Toon or 香椿 xiang chun « vegetarian ...

I’m excited to introduce Chinese Toon. Before this post, I only knew this vegetable/herb by its Chinese name. I have never seen it sold or grown in the U.S. as pictured; only in its dried form and even that is rare. In fact, I didn’t even know what this looked like until a family friend gave us a batch from her garden. It was an exciting day.

Imagine growing up eating and loving cilantro, but not knowing its name or what it looked like. That’s how I feel about xiang chun.  It has a strong distinct flavor with a similar strength as garlic. It can be a great complement to a dish or overwhelming if you don’t like the taste (similar to onion or chives). I can eat it with everything!

It is predominately used in Asian cuisine, mainly Chinese. I have had it with tofu, eggs, stir-fries, noodles, rice and savory Chinese pancakes. All delicious!

To Prepare:

Step 1: fold the leaves in half and tear them off the branch from the stem (this will leave the root behind)

Step 2: after washing, mince leaves

Step 3: transfer to container, sprinkle salt to bring out juices, mix and seal (the true flavor of xiang chun will not come out till this step)

You can then save this for future use in tofu, stir-fries, noodles, fried rice or pancakes.

Next time you come across Toona sinensis aka Chinese Toon or 香椿 xiang chun, you’ll know how to use it or at least have a new dish to try at your favorite Chinese restaurant. Be sure to ask for it in its Chinese name, xiang chun. Here’s the wiki page to learn more.

Enjoy!

xiang chun with dried tofu (not dry in taste, rather tofu with much less moisture)

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Tagged: chinese, herb, tofu, toon, vegetable, xiang chun

27/03/12: Investigation reveals plasticizers in popular sauces | Food ...

Two sauce products manufactured by Cheng Tai Soy Sauce Co. located in Yunlin County, southern Taiwan, were found to have contained over 1,500 parts per million (ppm) of the plasticizer DINP (diisononyle phthalate), more than 170 times the allowable level, according to findings of a market investigation released yesterday by the Department of Health under the Taipei City Government.

City health officials said that their department has just completed random examinations of 322 food products retailed in Taipei and found 10 of them contained excessive amounts of plasticizers DINP, DEHP (2-ethylhexyl phthalate) and DIDP (diisodecyl phthalate), which are deemed detrimental to human health in cases of excess intake.

Of the 10, the mushroom paste supplied by Cheng Tai was found to have a DINP content of up to 1,944.2 ppm, 216 times the allowable volume, and the Chinese Toona paste supplied by the same company saw DINP content reach 1,545.6 ppm, 171 times the standard level.

Chen Li-chi, director of the Food & Drug Division of the Department of Health of the Taipei City Government, noted that the extremely high content of plasticizer DINP in the two products by Cheng Tai might have resulted from the dissolution of DINP from the lining of the plastic bottle caps during production, storage and transportation of the products.

Among the other eight food products with excessive volumes of the plasticizer DINP were pineapple paste (with DEHP content of 16.9 ppm) offered by Shih Feng Food Co., a vegetarian barbecue sauce (DINP 342.9 ppm) supplied by Gu Wang Food Co., and Santa Cruz 100 per cent organic lemon juice (DIDP 7.2 ppm) offered by Uni-President Organics Corp. The other five products were found to have a DINP content of 12.7 ppm to 159.7 ppm, all higher than their respective allowable levels.

Chen said based on the standards released by the Cabinet-level Department of Health, the standard plasticizer volumes for oil- and paste-related products are set at DINP 9 ppm, DEHP 3 ppm, DIDP 9 ppm; and the standard volume for beverage products is set at DIDP 3 ppm.

Chen Li-chi noted that there is still a lack of solid information to show the level of damage that plasticizers can cause to humans, but it is certain that the more the material is absorbed, the greater its harm will be.

Meanwhile, Chiang Yu-mei, secretary-general of the Department of Health of the city government, said four of the 10 food companies whose products have contained excessive plasticizers are registered in Taipei and therefore her department will immediately ask these four companies to intensify examination of their food materials, manufacturing processes and final packaging materials to reduce the content of plasticizers.

In response, Cheng Tai showed certificates issued in August 2011 by the National Pingtung University of Science and Technology and National Formosa University indicating that the two examined mushroom and Chinese Toona paste products offered by the company had “zero” plasticizer content. The company said it is planning to seek national compensation for the damage to its reputation by the Taipei City Department of Health.

Meanwhile, Uni-President Organics Corp. also issued a statement clarifying that the company imported the raw materials for its Santa Cruz 100 per cent organic lemon juice from SMUCKER of the U.S., and no plastic additives have been added to the juice. The imported material is made of fresh organic lemon.

Chinese-toona: Chinese-toona

Posted by :Agricultural Science On : March 14, 2012

Title	Research on the Variation of Nitrite Content of Toona Sinensis and the Technology to Reduce Nitrite Content
Abstract	Toona sinensis belongs to Meliaceae, Toona Roem. Its Latin name is Toona sinensis (A.Juss.) Roem. It is a plant species that grows particularly in China. Toona shoots contain numerous nutrients. According to the research of China Medical & Science Academy, every 100 g of toona contains 9.8 g of protein, which is the highest protein content among vegetables. Toona also bears significant value as food and medicine. Toona wood is a kind of precious limber。Recent research revealed that there is a significant amount of nitrite in toona. Nitrite is a chemical that can cause damage to human health. The intake of too much nitrite may cause dyspnea, circulatory failure and central lesion. It may be fatal in extreme cases.In the study, we chose red toona leaves obtained from Jinan toona base and market as the research object. The research is aimed at studying the distribution of nitrite in toona and developing efficient technology to decrease the nitrite content in toona so as to provide technique guidance and theological evidence for the manufacture of low nitrite toona products. It also offers scientific basis for the cultivation of toona plants to achieve the objective of improving the quality of toona products and guaranteeing customer health.By comparing the nitrite contents of toona leaves with different lengths, we discovered that 54.5% of the toona plants studied have long toona leaves with lower nitrite content compared with shorter leaves. Regarding the nitrite contents in toona leaves positioned at the top and the middle of the tree, there are differences among individuals.The toona samples are treated by methods of soaking in oxidizer or reductase solutions and hot water. Different solution concentrations and soaking durations have been set. The variation of nitrite content was determined by measuring the nitrite content before and after the toona samples were treated. The vitamin C content was measured simultaneously to determine the nutrient losses caused by the soaking treatment. The oxidizer or reductase solutions and hot water soaking treatments were conducted separately to determine the optimal concentrations and durations. The two methods were further combined using the concentrations and durations chosen and measurements of nitrite and vitamin C were conducted to determine the variations of nitrite and vitamin C contents. The result reveals that for the treatments only using oxygen or reductase, the solution chosen with optimal nitrite reducing effects are 13% sodium carbonate solution,2% glucose solution,0.5% Vitamin C solution and 0.03mol/L hydrogen peroxide. For the hot water treatments, the optimal time lengths are 5s and 30s when taking into consideration both the nitrite reduction and Vitamin C losses. For the treatments using combined methods, soaking in 2% sodium carbonate solutions for 5s and in 13% glucose solution for 5s have the optimal nitrite reducing effects.The toona samples which have been treated to decrease nitrite content were frozen and pickled separately. The measurement of nitrite content was conducted every 30 days to observe the fluctuation of nitrite content. The measurement of vitamin C content was conducted every 60 days to observe the fluctuation of nutrients. The results reveal that the nitrite and vitamin C content in frozen toona maintained at a relatively low level during the storage with slight fluctuation The nitrite and vitamin C content in pickled toona have seen a sharp decrease.The measurement of essential oil content in toona samples which have been treated to decrease nitrite content was conducted using GC analysis technology. The results reveal that the decrease of nitrite content in toona was followed by the decrease of essential oil content. The treated toona samples which have low nitrite content bear low essential oil content.The technology combined to decrease nitrite content efficiently decreases the nitrite content in toona samples. It provides technology support and theological evidence for the research and manufacturing of toona products with low nitrite content.
Category	Gardening
Subject	Essential Oil, nitrite decrease, toona leave, Vitamin C,
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Pages	114
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Chinese-toona: Chinese-toona - blog*spot

[Abstract]

Toona ciliata var. pubescens. belongs to the family Meliaceae which is widely distributed in the tropical areas of Asia such as India, Malaysia, Indonisia, and southern China. The timber is red in colour, easy to work and very highly valued. It was used extensively for furniture, wood panelling and construction, and was considered as “Chinese mahogany”.Previous investigations on Meliaceae revealed the presence of coumarin, terpenoids, and campesterol. However, no phytochemical investigations have been reported on this plant.In this study, we investigated the chemical constituents of Toona ciliata var. pubescens. which collected from Xiushui, Jiangxi province. Thirty-nine coumpounds were isolated and their structures were identified by extensive spectroscopic methods including 1D and 2D-NMR experiments or by comparing their spectral data with those published in the literatures. These compounds were identified as follows:TC-1: SiderinTC-2: 4, 6, 7-Trimethoxy-5-methylcoumarinTC-3: IsoscopoletinTC-4: ScopoletinTC-5: 6, 7-DimethoxycoumarinTC-6: 7-Hydroxy-6, 8-dimethoxycoumarinTC-7: Dehydrodiconiferyl alcoholTC-8: (?)-LariciresinolTC-9: Threo-2, 3-bis-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxypheyl)-3-methoxy-propanol*TC-10: (7S, 8S, 7′E)-4, 9-Dihydroxy-3, 7, 3′, 9′-tetramethoxy-8-4′- oxyneolignan -7′-ene *TC-11: (7R, 8S, 7′E)-4, 9-Dihydroxy-3, 7, 3′, 9′-tetramethoxy-8-4′- oxyneolignan -7′-ene*TC-12: (7S, 8S, 7′E)-5, 9-Dihydroxy-3, 7, 3′, 5′, 9′-pentamethoxy-8-4′- oxyneolignan -7′-eneTC-13: CycloeucalenolTC-14: 5α, 6β, 8α, 12α-Tetrahydroxy-28-norisotoonafolinTC-15: 8 (14), 15-Isopimaradiene -2, 3, 19-triolTC-16: 3S, 5R-Dihydroxy-6R, 7-megstigmadien-9-oneTC-17: (?)-LoliolideTC-18: (+)-CatechinTC-19: 3-Hydroxy-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-propan-1-oneTC-20: 2, 3-Dihydroxy-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-propan-1-one*TC-21: Threo-3, 7-dimethoxy-5-hydroxyphenylpropan-8, 9-diolTC-22: Threo-3, 7-dimethoxy-4-hydroxyphenylpropan-8, 9-diolTC-23: Dimethyl malateTC-24: Diisobutyl phthalateTC-25: Dibutyl phthalateTC-26: Syringic acidTC-27: SyringaldehydeTC-28: Vanillic acidTC-29: VanillinTC-30: 3, 4-Dimethoxy-benzoic acidTC-31: 2-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-4-methoxybenzoic acidTC-32: 1, 3, 5-Trimethoxy benzeneTC-33: IsovanillinTC-34: 3, 3′, 5, 5′-Tetra-tert-butyl-2, 2′-dihydroxybiphenylTC-35:β-sitosterolTC-36: DaucosterolTC-37: Palmitic monoglycerol esterTC-38: Tricosanoic acid TC-39: Hexadecanoic acidAll the compounds were isolated from this plant for the first time. TC-10, TC-11, TC-12, TC-21 and TC-22 were new compounds. Among them, TC-10, TC-11, and TC-12 were lignans, TC-21 is phenylpropanoid.Furthermore, we also investigated the anti-proliferative activities against four tumor cells lines of 18 compounds by MTT method (A549, Colo 205, QGY-7703 and LOVO). TC-32 showed moderate anti-proliferative activities against QGY-7703 and LOVO with IC50 values of 36.2 and 11.7μM, respectively.

Title: Studies on the Chemical Constituents of Toona Ciliata Var. Pubescens

Category: Brain Tumor

Filename: Studies on the Chemical Constituents of Toona Ciliata Var. Pubescens.pdf

Pages: 138

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Chinese-toona: Chinese-toona - blog*spot

[Abstract]

Toona ciliata var. pubescens. belongs to the family Meliaceae which is widely distributed in the tropical areas of Asia such as India, Malaysia, Indonisia, and southern China. The timber is red in colour, easy to work and very highly valued. It was used extensively for furniture, wood panelling and construction, and was considered as “Chinese mahogany”.Previous investigations on Meliaceae revealed the presence of coumarin, terpenoids, and campesterol. However, no phytochemical investigations have been reported on this plant.In this study, we investigated the chemical constituents of Toona ciliata var. pubescens. which collected from Xiushui, Jiangxi province. Thirty-nine coumpounds were isolated and their structures were identified by extensive spectroscopic methods including 1D and 2D-NMR experiments or by comparing their spectral data with those published in the literatures. These compounds were identified as follows:TC-1: SiderinTC-2: 4, 6, 7-Trimethoxy-5-methylcoumarinTC-3: IsoscopoletinTC-4: ScopoletinTC-5: 6, 7-DimethoxycoumarinTC-6: 7-Hydroxy-6, 8-dimethoxycoumarinTC-7: Dehydrodiconiferyl alcoholTC-8: (?)-LariciresinolTC-9: Threo-2, 3-bis-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxypheyl)-3-methoxy-propanol*TC-10: (7S, 8S, 7′E)-4, 9-Dihydroxy-3, 7, 3′, 9′-tetramethoxy-8-4′- oxyneolignan -7′-ene *TC-11: (7R, 8S, 7′E)-4, 9-Dihydroxy-3, 7, 3′, 9′-tetramethoxy-8-4′- oxyneolignan -7′-ene*TC-12: (7S, 8S, 7′E)-5, 9-Dihydroxy-3, 7, 3′, 5′, 9′-pentamethoxy-8-4′- oxyneolignan -7′-eneTC-13: CycloeucalenolTC-14: 5α, 6β, 8α, 12α-Tetrahydroxy-28-norisotoonafolinTC-15: 8 (14), 15-Isopimaradiene -2, 3, 19-triolTC-16: 3S, 5R-Dihydroxy-6R, 7-megstigmadien-9-oneTC-17: (?)-LoliolideTC-18: (+)-CatechinTC-19: 3-Hydroxy-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-propan-1-oneTC-20: 2, 3-Dihydroxy-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-propan-1-one*TC-21: Threo-3, 7-dimethoxy-5-hydroxyphenylpropan-8, 9-diolTC-22: Threo-3, 7-dimethoxy-4-hydroxyphenylpropan-8, 9-diolTC-23: Dimethyl malateTC-24: Diisobutyl phthalateTC-25: Dibutyl phthalateTC-26: Syringic acidTC-27: SyringaldehydeTC-28: Vanillic acidTC-29: VanillinTC-30: 3, 4-Dimethoxy-benzoic acidTC-31: 2-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-4-methoxybenzoic acidTC-32: 1, 3, 5-Trimethoxy benzeneTC-33: IsovanillinTC-34: 3, 3′, 5, 5′-Tetra-tert-butyl-2, 2′-dihydroxybiphenylTC-35:β-sitosterolTC-36: DaucosterolTC-37: Palmitic monoglycerol esterTC-38: Tricosanoic acid TC-39: Hexadecanoic acidAll the compounds were isolated from this plant for the first time. TC-10, TC-11, TC-12, TC-21 and TC-22 were new compounds. Among them, TC-10, TC-11, and TC-12 were lignans, TC-21 is phenylpropanoid.Furthermore, we also investigated the anti-proliferative activities against four tumor cells lines of 18 compounds by MTT method (A549, Colo 205, QGY-7703 and LOVO). TC-32 showed moderate anti-proliferative activities against QGY-7703 and LOVO with IC50 values of 36.2 and 11.7μM, respectively.

Title: Studies on the Chemical Constituents of Toona Ciliata Var. Pubescens

Category: Brain Tumor

Filename: Studies on the Chemical Constituents of Toona Ciliata Var. Pubescens.pdf

Pages: 138

Price: US$90.00

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• 2012-01-10 Predicting of Radiosensitivity of Human Tumor Cell Lines in Vitro by Determining 4977bp Deletion in Mitochondrial DNA

• 2012-01-10 Structural Identification & Bioactivity Study of Polysaccharides from Grifola Frondosa and Their Sulfated Derivatives

• 2012-01-10 Effect of Salvia Miltiorrhiza, a Traditional Chinese Medicine on Pharmacokinetics of Adriamycin

• 2012-01-08 Studies on Chemical Constituents of Sinopodophyllum Emodi Wall

• 2012-01-06 Synthesis and Bioactivity of Sucrose Selenite

• 2012-01-06 Study on the Chemical Constituents of the Roots of Macrothelypteris Torresiana

• 2012-01-05 Studies on the Chemical Constituents and Anti-tumor Activities of the Leaves of Juglans Cathayensis Dode

• 2012-01-05 Study on Chemical Constituents and Bioactivities from Two Species of Higher Fungi

• 2012-01-05 Effect of 17β-estradiol on Proliferation and Expressions of P21 Ras and P-ERK in Endometrial Carcinoma Cells

• 2012-01-05 Expression of Survivin、VEGF and Its Receptor FLT-1 in Colorectal Carcinoma and Influence of Proliferation and Apoptosis in Caco-2, HT29, HCT116 Cells by siRNA

Research on the Variation of Nitrite Content of Toona Sinensis and ...

Posted by :Agricultural Science On : March 14, 2012

Title	Research on the Variation of Nitrite Content of Toona Sinensis and the Technology to Reduce Nitrite Content
Abstract	Toona sinensis belongs to Meliaceae, Toona Roem. Its Latin name is Toona sinensis (A.Juss.) Roem. It is a plant species that grows particularly in China. Toona shoots contain numerous nutrients. According to the research of China Medical & Science Academy, every 100 g of toona contains 9.8 g of protein, which is the highest protein content among vegetables. Toona also bears significant value as food and medicine. Toona wood is a kind of precious limber。Recent research revealed that there is a significant amount of nitrite in toona. Nitrite is a chemical that can cause damage to human health. The intake of too much nitrite may cause dyspnea, circulatory failure and central lesion. It may be fatal in extreme cases.In the study, we chose red toona leaves obtained from Jinan toona base and market as the research object. The research is aimed at studying the distribution of nitrite in toona and developing efficient technology to decrease the nitrite content in toona so as to provide technique guidance and theological evidence for the manufacture of low nitrite toona products. It also offers scientific basis for the cultivation of toona plants to achieve the objective of improving the quality of toona products and guaranteeing customer health.By comparing the nitrite contents of toona leaves with different lengths, we discovered that 54.5% of the toona plants studied have long toona leaves with lower nitrite content compared with shorter leaves. Regarding the nitrite contents in toona leaves positioned at the top and the middle of the tree, there are differences among individuals.The toona samples are treated by methods of soaking in oxidizer or reductase solutions and hot water. Different solution concentrations and soaking durations have been set. The variation of nitrite content was determined by measuring the nitrite content before and after the toona samples were treated. The vitamin C content was measured simultaneously to determine the nutrient losses caused by the soaking treatment. The oxidizer or reductase solutions and hot water soaking treatments were conducted separately to determine the optimal concentrations and durations. The two methods were further combined using the concentrations and durations chosen and measurements of nitrite and vitamin C were conducted to determine the variations of nitrite and vitamin C contents. The result reveals that for the treatments only using oxygen or reductase, the solution chosen with optimal nitrite reducing effects are 13% sodium carbonate solution,2% glucose solution,0.5% Vitamin C solution and 0.03mol/L hydrogen peroxide. For the hot water treatments, the optimal time lengths are 5s and 30s when taking into consideration both the nitrite reduction and Vitamin C losses. For the treatments using combined methods, soaking in 2% sodium carbonate solutions for 5s and in 13% glucose solution for 5s have the optimal nitrite reducing effects.The toona samples which have been treated to decrease nitrite content were frozen and pickled separately. The measurement of nitrite content was conducted every 30 days to observe the fluctuation of nitrite content. The measurement of vitamin C content was conducted every 60 days to observe the fluctuation of nutrients. The results reveal that the nitrite and vitamin C content in frozen toona maintained at a relatively low level during the storage with slight fluctuation The nitrite and vitamin C content in pickled toona have seen a sharp decrease.The measurement of essential oil content in toona samples which have been treated to decrease nitrite content was conducted using GC analysis technology. The results reveal that the decrease of nitrite content in toona was followed by the decrease of essential oil content. The treated toona samples which have low nitrite content bear low essential oil content.The technology combined to decrease nitrite content efficiently decreases the nitrite content in toona samples. It provides technology support and theological evidence for the research and manufacturing of toona products with low nitrite content.
Category	Gardening
Subject	Essential Oil, nitrite decrease, toona leave, Vitamin C,
FileType	PDF
Pages	114
Price	US$48.00
Buy Now
Download
Contact	E-Mail:bpaper@live.com TEL:9-358-716-819A
FAQ	How to get this paper's electronic documents? 1, Click the "Buy Now" button to complete the online payment 2, Download the paper's electronic document from the successful payment return page/Or the system will send this paper's electronic document to your E-Mail within 24 hours
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Version	zh-cn

Chinese-toona: Chinese-toona - blog*spot

Chinese-toona - blog*spot

DR. CALI KHALIIF GALEYR: “Cidda oraneysa afraad baa ku shireysa Taleex waa ka been sheegeysaa xaqiiqda, waagaa baryayna nin gacan weyn iy...

Chinese-toona - blog*spot

Chinese-toona - blog*spot

DR. CALI KHALIIF GALEYR: “Cidda oraneysa afraad baa ku shireysa Taleex waa ka been sheegeysaa xaqiiqda, waagaa baryayna nin gacan weyn iy...

Chinese-toona

Posted by :Agricultural Science On : March 14, 2012

Title	Research on the Variation of Nitrite Content of Toona Sinensis and the Technology to Reduce Nitrite Content
Abstract	Toona sinensis belongs to Meliaceae, Toona Roem. Its Latin name is Toona sinensis (A.Juss.) Roem. It is a plant species that grows particularly in China. Toona shoots contain numerous nutrients. According to the research of China Medical & Science Academy, every 100 g of toona contains 9.8 g of protein, which is the highest protein content among vegetables. Toona also bears significant value as food and medicine. Toona wood is a kind of precious limber。Recent research revealed that there is a significant amount of nitrite in toona. Nitrite is a chemical that can cause damage to human health. The intake of too much nitrite may cause dyspnea, circulatory failure and central lesion. It may be fatal in extreme cases.In the study, we chose red toona leaves obtained from Jinan toona base and market as the research object. The research is aimed at studying the distribution of nitrite in toona and developing efficient technology to decrease the nitrite content in toona so as to provide technique guidance and theological evidence for the manufacture of low nitrite toona products. It also offers scientific basis for the cultivation of toona plants to achieve the objective of improving the quality of toona products and guaranteeing customer health.By comparing the nitrite contents of toona leaves with different lengths, we discovered that 54.5% of the toona plants studied have long toona leaves with lower nitrite content compared with shorter leaves. Regarding the nitrite contents in toona leaves positioned at the top and the middle of the tree, there are differences among individuals.The toona samples are treated by methods of soaking in oxidizer or reductase solutions and hot water. Different solution concentrations and soaking durations have been set. The variation of nitrite content was determined by measuring the nitrite content before and after the toona samples were treated. The vitamin C content was measured simultaneously to determine the nutrient losses caused by the soaking treatment. The oxidizer or reductase solutions and hot water soaking treatments were conducted separately to determine the optimal concentrations and durations. The two methods were further combined using the concentrations and durations chosen and measurements of nitrite and vitamin C were conducted to determine the variations of nitrite and vitamin C contents. The result reveals that for the treatments only using oxygen or reductase, the solution chosen with optimal nitrite reducing effects are 13% sodium carbonate solution,2% glucose solution,0.5% Vitamin C solution and 0.03mol/L hydrogen peroxide. For the hot water treatments, the optimal time lengths are 5s and 30s when taking into consideration both the nitrite reduction and Vitamin C losses. For the treatments using combined methods, soaking in 2% sodium carbonate solutions for 5s and in 13% glucose solution for 5s have the optimal nitrite reducing effects.The toona samples which have been treated to decrease nitrite content were frozen and pickled separately. The measurement of nitrite content was conducted every 30 days to observe the fluctuation of nitrite content. The measurement of vitamin C content was conducted every 60 days to observe the fluctuation of nutrients. The results reveal that the nitrite and vitamin C content in frozen toona maintained at a relatively low level during the storage with slight fluctuation The nitrite and vitamin C content in pickled toona have seen a sharp decrease.The measurement of essential oil content in toona samples which have been treated to decrease nitrite content was conducted using GC analysis technology. The results reveal that the decrease of nitrite content in toona was followed by the decrease of essential oil content. The treated toona samples which have low nitrite content bear low essential oil content.The technology combined to decrease nitrite content efficiently decreases the nitrite content in toona samples. It provides technology support and theological evidence for the research and manufacturing of toona products with low nitrite content.
Category	Gardening
Subject	Essential Oil, nitrite decrease, toona leave, Vitamin C,
FileType	PDF
Pages	114
Price	US$48.00
Buy Now
Download
Contact	E-Mail:bpaper@live.com TEL:9-358-716-819A
FAQ	How to get this paper's electronic documents? 1, Click the "Buy Now" button to complete the online payment 2, Download the paper's electronic document from the successful payment return page/Or the system will send this paper's electronic document to your E-Mail within 24 hours
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Version	zh-cn

Chinese-toona - blog*spot

[Abstract]

Toona ciliata var. pubescens. belongs to the family Meliaceae which is widely distributed in the tropical areas of Asia such as India, Malaysia, Indonisia, and southern China. The timber is red in colour, easy to work and very highly valued. It was used extensively for furniture, wood panelling and construction, and was considered as “Chinese mahogany”.Previous investigations on Meliaceae revealed the presence of coumarin, terpenoids, and campesterol. However, no phytochemical investigations have been reported on this plant.In this study, we investigated the chemical constituents of Toona ciliata var. pubescens. which collected from Xiushui, Jiangxi province. Thirty-nine coumpounds were isolated and their structures were identified by extensive spectroscopic methods including 1D and 2D-NMR experiments or by comparing their spectral data with those published in the literatures. These compounds were identified as follows:TC-1: SiderinTC-2: 4, 6, 7-Trimethoxy-5-methylcoumarinTC-3: IsoscopoletinTC-4: ScopoletinTC-5: 6, 7-DimethoxycoumarinTC-6: 7-Hydroxy-6, 8-dimethoxycoumarinTC-7: Dehydrodiconiferyl alcoholTC-8: (?)-LariciresinolTC-9: Threo-2, 3-bis-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxypheyl)-3-methoxy-propanol*TC-10: (7S, 8S, 7′E)-4, 9-Dihydroxy-3, 7, 3′, 9′-tetramethoxy-8-4′- oxyneolignan -7′-ene *TC-11: (7R, 8S, 7′E)-4, 9-Dihydroxy-3, 7, 3′, 9′-tetramethoxy-8-4′- oxyneolignan -7′-ene*TC-12: (7S, 8S, 7′E)-5, 9-Dihydroxy-3, 7, 3′, 5′, 9′-pentamethoxy-8-4′- oxyneolignan -7′-eneTC-13: CycloeucalenolTC-14: 5α, 6β, 8α, 12α-Tetrahydroxy-28-norisotoonafolinTC-15: 8 (14), 15-Isopimaradiene -2, 3, 19-triolTC-16: 3S, 5R-Dihydroxy-6R, 7-megstigmadien-9-oneTC-17: (?)-LoliolideTC-18: (+)-CatechinTC-19: 3-Hydroxy-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-propan-1-oneTC-20: 2, 3-Dihydroxy-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-propan-1-one*TC-21: Threo-3, 7-dimethoxy-5-hydroxyphenylpropan-8, 9-diolTC-22: Threo-3, 7-dimethoxy-4-hydroxyphenylpropan-8, 9-diolTC-23: Dimethyl malateTC-24: Diisobutyl phthalateTC-25: Dibutyl phthalateTC-26: Syringic acidTC-27: SyringaldehydeTC-28: Vanillic acidTC-29: VanillinTC-30: 3, 4-Dimethoxy-benzoic acidTC-31: 2-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-4-methoxybenzoic acidTC-32: 1, 3, 5-Trimethoxy benzeneTC-33: IsovanillinTC-34: 3, 3′, 5, 5′-Tetra-tert-butyl-2, 2′-dihydroxybiphenylTC-35:β-sitosterolTC-36: DaucosterolTC-37: Palmitic monoglycerol esterTC-38: Tricosanoic acid TC-39: Hexadecanoic acidAll the compounds were isolated from this plant for the first time. TC-10, TC-11, TC-12, TC-21 and TC-22 were new compounds. Among them, TC-10, TC-11, and TC-12 were lignans, TC-21 is phenylpropanoid.Furthermore, we also investigated the anti-proliferative activities against four tumor cells lines of 18 compounds by MTT method (A549, Colo 205, QGY-7703 and LOVO). TC-32 showed moderate anti-proliferative activities against QGY-7703 and LOVO with IC50 values of 36.2 and 11.7μM, respectively.

Title: Studies on the Chemical Constituents of Toona Ciliata Var. Pubescens

Category: Brain Tumor

Filename: Studies on the Chemical Constituents of Toona Ciliata Var. Pubescens.pdf

Pages: 138

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Chinese-toona - blog*spot

Do you want to know what kind of tree is mahogany tree? And what is mahogany wood? We are manufacturer of mahogany wood furniture. The two questions are the most frequent ones our buyers ask. If you also want to know a lot more about mahogany wood, get the info below.

The name mahogany is utilised when referring to numerous varieties of dark-coloured hardwood. It is a native American word originally utilised for the wood of the species Swietenia mahagoni, identified as West Indian or Cuban mahogany. Nowadays, all species of Swietenia grown in their native locations are listed by CITES, and are consequently protected.

The world’s supply of genuine mahogany right now comes from these Asian plantations, notably from Indonesia India, Fiji, and Bangladesh. The term “genuine mahogany” applies to only the Swietenia mahoganies, wherever grown. This term applies to any timber commercially known as “mahogany” with or without having qualification that is derived from the Meliaceae family members. In addition to Swietenia mahoganies this applies also to Khaya (African Mahogany) and Toona (Chinese Mahogany) which are both from the Meliacae (Mahogany) family.

Mahogany wood is a richly colored material that is among the more valuable wood species in the world. It is known for its exclusive pink coloring, which develops into a deep reddish-brown as the wood ages. Unlike alternative wood items such as maple, beech or oak, mahogany wood functions quite couple of knots or voids. This gives the wood a smooth, even grain pattern, which makes it perfect for fine furniture and wood craft.

Most species of mahogany trees grow very huge, which enables tree harvesters to generate large, continuous boards. Making use of these large boards, we can manufacture desks, tables, and other furnishings without having seams or joints. As a type of difficult wood, mahogany is extremely strong and durable. It makes it possible for us to manufacture long-lasting goods which is durable for over one hundred years. Compared to other supplies, mahogany is simple to sand, stain, finish and craft.

Whilst the majority of mahogany wood is employed for furniture-producing, its rich color, durability and warm sound also make it a popular option for manufacturers of musical instruments. A lot of wooden drums are made from mahogany, as are acoustic and electric guitars. Wooden boat producers also rely on mahogany due to its strength and resistance to rot.

Chinese-toona: Chinese-toona: Research on the Variation of Nitrite ...

Posted by :Agricultural Science On : March 14, 2012

Title	Research on the Variation of Nitrite Content of Toona Sinensis and the Technology to Reduce Nitrite Content
Abstract	Toona sinensis belongs to Meliaceae, Toona Roem. Its Latin name is Toona sinensis (A.Juss.) Roem. It is a plant species that grows particularly in China. Toona shoots contain numerous nutrients. According to the research of China Medical & Science Academy, every 100 g of toona contains 9.8 g of protein, which is the highest protein content among vegetables. Toona also bears significant value as food and medicine. Toona wood is a kind of precious limber。Recent research revealed that there is a significant amount of nitrite in toona. Nitrite is a chemical that can cause damage to human health. The intake of too much nitrite may cause dyspnea, circulatory failure and central lesion. It may be fatal in extreme cases.In the study, we chose red toona leaves obtained from Jinan toona base and market as the research object. The research is aimed at studying the distribution of nitrite in toona and developing efficient technology to decrease the nitrite content in toona so as to provide technique guidance and theological evidence for the manufacture of low nitrite toona products. It also offers scientific basis for the cultivation of toona plants to achieve the objective of improving the quality of toona products and guaranteeing customer health.By comparing the nitrite contents of toona leaves with different lengths, we discovered that 54.5% of the toona plants studied have long toona leaves with lower nitrite content compared with shorter leaves. Regarding the nitrite contents in toona leaves positioned at the top and the middle of the tree, there are differences among individuals.The toona samples are treated by methods of soaking in oxidizer or reductase solutions and hot water. Different solution concentrations and soaking durations have been set. The variation of nitrite content was determined by measuring the nitrite content before and after the toona samples were treated. The vitamin C content was measured simultaneously to determine the nutrient losses caused by the soaking treatment. The oxidizer or reductase solutions and hot water soaking treatments were conducted separately to determine the optimal concentrations and durations. The two methods were further combined using the concentrations and durations chosen and measurements of nitrite and vitamin C were conducted to determine the variations of nitrite and vitamin C contents. The result reveals that for the treatments only using oxygen or reductase, the solution chosen with optimal nitrite reducing effects are 13% sodium carbonate solution,2% glucose solution,0.5% Vitamin C solution and 0.03mol/L hydrogen peroxide. For the hot water treatments, the optimal time lengths are 5s and 30s when taking into consideration both the nitrite reduction and Vitamin C losses. For the treatments using combined methods, soaking in 2% sodium carbonate solutions for 5s and in 13% glucose solution for 5s have the optimal nitrite reducing effects.The toona samples which have been treated to decrease nitrite content were frozen and pickled separately. The measurement of nitrite content was conducted every 30 days to observe the fluctuation of nitrite content. The measurement of vitamin C content was conducted every 60 days to observe the fluctuation of nutrients. The results reveal that the nitrite and vitamin C content in frozen toona maintained at a relatively low level during the storage with slight fluctuation The nitrite and vitamin C content in pickled toona have seen a sharp decrease.The measurement of essential oil content in toona samples which have been treated to decrease nitrite content was conducted using GC analysis technology. The results reveal that the decrease of nitrite content in toona was followed by the decrease of essential oil content. The treated toona samples which have low nitrite content bear low essential oil content.The technology combined to decrease nitrite content efficiently decreases the nitrite content in toona samples. It provides technology support and theological evidence for the research and manufacturing of toona products with low nitrite content.
Category	Gardening
Subject	Essential Oil, nitrite decrease, toona leave, Vitamin C,
FileType	PDF
Pages	114
Price	US$48.00
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